CHAPTER 15 Temporary Entry and Permanent Residence
Federal Skilled Worker Class Under the Federal Skilled Worker Class (FSWC), an applicant must demonstrate that he or she has at least one year of continuous and paid work experience within the previous 10 years in National Occupational Classification Skill level 0, A or B. The FSWC uses a point system weighted to reflect that youth and competence in English and/or French are critical predictors of an applicant’s success in the Canadian labour market. A maximum of 12 points are awarded to persons between the ages of 18 and 35. One point is deducted for each year thereafter, so that an applicant who is 47 years old or more will receive no points for the age factor. In addition, an applicant must submit to a test of English or French language skills from a designated agency and satisfy criteria regarding work experience, education and adaptability. Whether an applicant can be selected for permanent residence depends upon his or her Comprehensive Ranking System score. Federal Skilled Trades Class Under the Federal Skilled Trades Class (FSTC), those who are qualified in a skilled trade may apply for permanent resident status. Applicants must satisfy criteria with respect to English or French language skills, training and work experience. Applicants must have either an offer of full-time employment for a total period of at least one year or a certificate of qualification in that skilled trade issued by a provincial, territorial or federal authority. Express Entry Program Express entry is not a discrete immigration program. Rather, it is an online application system to streamline the selection and processing of applications within the FSWC, the FSTC, the CEC and some categories of applicants within the provincial nominee programs. The system aims to accelerate the selection and admission of immigrants with skill sets that are viewed as enabling the applicant to be more likely to achieve success in Canada.
Provincial nominee programs are primarily directed at selecting skilled workers whose qualifications are particularly suited to the needs of a particular provincial economy, although some provinces are also interested in nominated business applicants as well. International PhD students may be eligible to apply under some provincial nominee programs. Applications are made initially to provincial authorities. Each province has its own selection criteria, but in most instances a pre-arranged job offer will be essential. A major advantage of such programs is that they may offer successful applicants expedited permanent resident processing. SKILLED WORKERS Through recent initiatives, Canada has indicated that its immigration programs should select as permanent residents individuals with professional, managerial and technical expertise that is valued by Canadian employers. Persons who have worked or studied in Canada in prescribed circumstances are recognized as desirable immigrants who have shown the ability to adapt to Canadian economic realities. Canadian Experience Class The Canadian Experience Class (CEC) enables certain applicants to seek permanent residence under a streamlined procedure. A CEC applicant must be in a province other than Québec and must be either a temporary foreign worker with at least one year of full-time skilled work experience in Canada or a foreign graduate from a Canadian post-secondary institution with at least one year of skilled work experience in Canada. Skilled work experience contemplates occupations that are classified as managerial, professional or technical. A temporary foreign worker or a foreign graduate of a Canadian post-secondary institution will be assessed on the basis of his or her education, age, work experience and ability in English and/or French.
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